plink nas-XX-XX-XX -l root -pw netgear1 ^ "smartctl -A -f brief /dev/sda" > result.txt
Option Explicit
Dim FILE_BAT 'Batch file to execute smartctl through SSH
Dim FILE_RLT 'File to store result of smartctl temporarily
Dim FILE_RCD 'File to record (append) result of smartctl
FILE_BAT = "smartctl.bat"
FILE_RLT = "result.txt" 'Must be the same file in batch file
FILE_RCD = "record.csv"
Dim ATTRIBUTES 'SMART attributes (separated by space)
ATTRIBUTES = "Available_Reservd_Space Media_Wearout_Indicator"
'Execute smartctl through SSH
Dim objShell
Set objShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim result 'Return value to avoid error in using Run method
result = objShell.Run(FILE_BAT, 0, True)
Set objShell = Nothing
'Process result of smartctl
Dim strBuf
Dim objFSO
Dim objFile
Set objFSO = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile(FILE_RLT)
strBuf = objFile.ReadAll
Set objFile = Nothing
Set objFSO = Nothing
Dim strLines
strLines = Split(strBuf, vbLf)
Dim strSer 'Array to hold names of attributes
strSer = Split(ATTRIBUTES)
Dim strVal 'Array to hold values of attributes
ReDim strVal(UBound(strSer))
Dim objRegExp
Set objRegExp = New RegExp
objRegExp.Pattern = " \d{3} " 'Pattern of value of attributes
objRegExp.IgnoreCase = True
objRegExp.Global = True
Dim i
Dim j
For i = 0 To UBound(strLines)
For j = 0 To UBound(strSer)
If 0 < InStr(1, strLines(i), strSer(j), 1) Then
Dim objMatches
Set objMatches = objRegExp.Execute(strLines(i))
If 0 < objMatches.Count Then
strVal(j) = objMatches(0).Value
End If
Set objMatches = Nothing
End If
Next
Next
Set objRegExp = Nothing
'Record result of smartctl
Dim strRec
strRec = Now() & ","
For j = 0 To UBound(strVal)
strRec = strRec & Trim(strVal(j)) & ","
Next
Set objFSO = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If Not objFSO.FileExists(FILE_RCD) Then
'If first record, add header line
strRec = "Date," & Join(strSer, ",") & "," & vbCrLf & strRec
End If
Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile(FILE_RCD, 8, True)
objFile.Write(strRec & vbCrLf)
Set objFile = Nothing
Set objFSO = Nothing
（smartctl.batの内容をFILE_BATの部分に直接書いても良さそうなものだが、そうするとなぜかrecord.txtがホスト側に作成されてしまうので、分けた。）// For CreateFile to get handle to drive
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
private const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;
private const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
private const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private const uint FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080;
// CreateFile to get handle to drive
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFileW(
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
string lpFileName,
uint dwDesiredAccess,
uint dwShareMode,
IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes,
uint dwCreationDisposition,
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr hTemplateFile);
// For control codes
private const uint FILE_DEVICE_MASS_STORAGE = 0x0000002d;
private const uint IOCTL_STORAGE_BASE = FILE_DEVICE_MASS_STORAGE;
private const uint FILE_DEVICE_CONTROLLER = 0x00000004;
private const uint IOCTL_SCSI_BASE = FILE_DEVICE_CONTROLLER;
private const uint METHOD_BUFFERED = 0;
private const uint FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0;
private const uint FILE_READ_ACCESS = 0x00000001;
private const uint FILE_WRITE_ACCESS = 0x00000002;
private static uint CTL_CODE(uint DeviceType, uint Function,
uint Method, uint Access)
{
return ((DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) |
(Function << 2) | Method);
}
// For DeviceIoControl to check no seek penalty
private const uint StorageDeviceSeekPenaltyProperty = 7;
private const uint PropertyStandardQuery = 0;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY
{
public uint PropertyId;
public uint QueryType;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 1)]
public byte[] AdditionalParameters;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR
{
public uint Version;
public uint Size;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U1)]
public bool IncursSeekPenalty;
}
// DeviceIoControl to check no seek penalty
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeviceIoControl",
SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
ref STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
out uint lpBytesReturned,
IntPtr lpOverlapped);
// For DeviceIoControl to check nominal media rotation rate
private const uint ATA_FLAGS_DATA_IN = 0x02;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct ATA_PASS_THROUGH_EX
{
public ushort Length;
public ushort AtaFlags;
public byte PathId;
public byte TargetId;
public byte Lun;
public byte ReservedAsUchar;
public uint DataTransferLength;
public uint TimeOutValue;
public uint ReservedAsUlong;
public IntPtr DataBufferOffset;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)]
public byte[] PreviousTaskFile;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)]
public byte[] CurrentTaskFile;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery
{
public ATA_PASS_THROUGH_EX header;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
public ushort[] data;
}
// DeviceIoControl to check nominal media rotation rate
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeviceIoControl",
SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
ref ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
out uint lpBytesReturned,
IntPtr lpOverlapped);
これを受けた1つ目のメソッドが「no seek penalty」を利用する「HasNoSeekPenalty」で、物理ドライブ名を「\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0」の形にした文字列を引数に取る。QA@ITで質問させていただいたもの（SSDかどうかをC#から判別する方法）と基本的に同じ。あまり似た例がなかったので、ほぼスクラッチ。// Method for no seek penalty
private static void HasNoSeekPenalty(string sDrive)
{
SafeFileHandle hDrive = CreateFileW(
sDrive,
0, // No access to drive
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
IntPtr.Zero,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDrive == null || hDrive.IsInvalid)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("CreateFile failed. " + message);
}
uint IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY = CTL_CODE(
IOCTL_STORAGE_BASE, 0x500,
METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS); // From winioctl.h
STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY query_seek_penalty =
new STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY();
query_seek_penalty.PropertyId = StorageDeviceSeekPenaltyProperty;
query_seek_penalty.QueryType = PropertyStandardQuery;
DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR query_seek_penalty_desc =
new DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR();
uint returned_query_seek_penalty_size;
bool query_seek_penalty_result = DeviceIoControl(
hDrive,
IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY,
ref query_seek_penalty,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(query_seek_penalty),
ref query_seek_penalty_desc,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(query_seek_penalty_desc),
out returned_query_seek_penalty_size,
IntPtr.Zero);
hDrive.Close();
if (query_seek_penalty_result == false)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("DeviceIoControl failed. " + message);
}
else
{
if (query_seek_penalty_desc.IncursSeekPenalty == false)
{
Console.WriteLine("This drive has NO SEEK penalty.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("This drive has SEEK penalty.");
}
}
}
// Method for nominal media rotation rate
// (Administrative privilege is required)
private static void HasNominalMediaRotationRate(string sDrive)
{
SafeFileHandle hDrive = CreateFileW(
sDrive,
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // Administrative privilege is required
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
IntPtr.Zero,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDrive == null || hDrive.IsInvalid)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("CreateFile failed. " + message);
}
uint IOCTL_ATA_PASS_THROUGH = CTL_CODE(
IOCTL_SCSI_BASE, 0x040b, METHOD_BUFFERED,
FILE_READ_ACCESS | FILE_WRITE_ACCESS); // From ntddscsi.h
ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery id_query = new ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery();
id_query.data = new ushort[256];
id_query.header.Length = (ushort)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query.header);
id_query.header.AtaFlags = (ushort)ATA_FLAGS_DATA_IN;
id_query.header.DataTransferLength =
(uint)(id_query.data.Length * 2); // Size of "data" in bytes
id_query.header.TimeOutValue = 3; // Sec
id_query.header.DataBufferOffset = (IntPtr)Marshal.OffsetOf(
typeof(ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery), "data");
id_query.header.PreviousTaskFile = new byte[8];
id_query.header.CurrentTaskFile = new byte[8];
id_query.header.CurrentTaskFile[6] = 0xec; // ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE
uint retval_size;
bool result = DeviceIoControl(
hDrive,
IOCTL_ATA_PASS_THROUGH,
ref id_query,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query),
ref id_query,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query),
out retval_size,
IntPtr.Zero);
hDrive.Close();
if (result == false)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("DeviceIoControl failed. " + message);
}
else
{
// Word index of nominal media rotation rate
// (1 means non-rotate device)
const int kNominalMediaRotRateWordIndex = 217;
if (id_query.data[kNominalMediaRotRateWordIndex] == 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("This drive is NON-ROTATE device.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("This drive is ROTATE device.");
}
}
}
全体を通したコードはこちらに載せた。 Visual Studio 2012で.NET Framework 4.0を対象として作成し、ThinkPad X61sにインストールしたWindows 8 ProとWindows 7上で、SSD（Intel X25-M G2）とHDDを判別できることを確認している。 まあC++のライブラリを作ってそれを利用する形でもいいが、.NETから直接使える方法があってもいいかな、ということで。// For CreateFile to get handle to drive
private const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;
private const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
private const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private const uint FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080;
// CreateFile to get handle to drive
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFileW(
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
string lpFileName,
uint dwDesiredAccess,
uint dwShareMode,
IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes,
uint dwCreationDisposition,
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr hTemplateFile);
// For control codes
private const uint IOCTL_VOLUME_BASE = 0x00000056;
private const uint METHOD_BUFFERED = 0;
private const uint FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0;
private static uint CTL_CODE(uint DeviceType, uint Function,
uint Method, uint Access)
{
return ((DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) |
(Function << 2) | Method);
}
// For DeviceIoControl to get disk extents
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct DISK_EXTENT
{
public uint DiskNumber;
public long StartingOffset;
public long ExtentLength;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS
{
public uint NumberOfDiskExtents;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray)]
public DISK_EXTENT[] Extents;
}
// DeviceIoControl to get disk extents
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeviceIoControl",
SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
IntPtr lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
out uint lpBytesReturned,
IntPtr lpOverlapped);
これを受けたメソッド。論理ドライブ名の文字を引数とし、始めにリムーバブルディスクなどではない固定ディスクかどうかのチェックを通す。 // Method for disk extents
private static void GetDiskExtents(char cDrive)
{
DriveInfo di = new DriveInfo(cDrive.ToString());
if (di.DriveType != DriveType.Fixed)
{
Console.WriteLine("This drive is not fixed drive.");
}
string sDrive = "\\\\.\\" + cDrive.ToString() + ":";
SafeFileHandle hDrive = CreateFileW(
sDrive,
0, // No access to drive
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
IntPtr.Zero,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDrive == null || hDrive.IsInvalid)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("CreateFile failed. " + message);
}
uint IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS = CTL_CODE(
IOCTL_VOLUME_BASE, 0,
METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS); // From winioctl.h
VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS query_disk_extents =
new VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS();
uint returned_query_disk_extents_size;
bool query_disk_extents_result = DeviceIoControl(
hDrive,
IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS,
IntPtr.Zero,
0,
ref query_disk_extents,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(query_disk_extents),
out returned_query_disk_extents_size,
IntPtr.Zero);
hDrive.Close();
if (query_disk_extents_result == false ||
query_disk_extents.Extents.Length != 1)
{
string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
Console.WriteLine("DeviceIoControl failed. " + message);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The physical drive number is: " +
query_disk_extents.Extents[0].DiskNumber);
}
}
[修正] SafeFileHandleの解放
生の値 | 換算後 | 増加量 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16進数 | 10進数 | (MiB) | (TiB) | (MiB) | (GiB) | |
| Trimをかけなかった場合 | ||||||
| 実行前 | 76752 | 485202 | 15526464 | 14.807 | 984320 | 961.25 |
| 実行後 | 7DF7A | 515962 | 16510784 | 15.746 | ||
| Trimをかけた場合 | ||||||
| 実行前 | 7E15F | 516447 | 16526304 | 15.761 | 978496 | 955.56 |
| 実行後 | 858D1 | 547025 | 17504800 | 16.694 | ||
#2: Intel Timed Media Wear metric
- Allows user or system designer to evaluate the endurance wear rate for a proposed application through following SMART attributesE2h/226 (Timed Workload Media Wear Indicator)
E3h/227 (Timed Workload Host Reads Percentage)
E4h/228 (Timed Workload Timer)
SMARTMON* tool can be used to report all SMART attributes using the following steps
- At command prompt, enter the following to list attributes:
smartctl -a /dev/hdx- Before using a workload, enter the following to reset the E2, E3 and E4 attributes:
smartctl -t vendor,0x40 -a /dev/hdx
This issues a SMART EXECUTE OFFLINE IMMEDIATE SUBCOMMAND 0x40- Run your workload for at least 60 minutes（できれば2時間）- Power-cycle the system（電源を入れなおし）- Re-enter this command to get the new values for E2, E3, and E4:
smartctl -a /dev/hdx
Lifetime using this specific workload 100% of the time 24/7 = 8.9 Years% Media Wearout during this run = 22(E2) /1024 = 0.021%
Work Ratio = 99(E3) % Read/Write
Workload Timer = 981(E4) mins
"-v 226,raw48,Workld_Media_Wear_Indic " // Timed Workload Media Wear Indicator (percent*1024)
"-v 227,raw48,Workld_Host_Reads_Perc " // Timed Workload Host Reads Percentage
"-v 228,raw48,Workload_Minutes " // 226,227,228 can be reset by 'smartctl -t vendor,0x40'
3.4.2.8 E8 – Available Reserved Space
This attribute reports the number of reserve blocks remaining. The attribute value begins at 100 (64h), which indicates that the reserved space is 100 percent available. The threshold value for this attribute is 10 percent availability, which indicates that the drive is close to its end of life. Use the Normalized value for this attribute.
3.4.2.9 E9 – Media Wearout Indicator
This attribute reports the number of cycles the NAND media has experienced.
The normalized value declines linearly from 100 to 1 as the average erase cycle count increases from 0 to the maximum rated cycles.
Once the normalized value reaches 1, the number will not decrease, although it is likely that significant additional wear can be put on the device. Use the Normalized value for this attribute.
| ID | Description | Raw | Value | Worst | Threshold |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 04 | Start/Stop Count | 0 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| 05 | Re-allocated Sector Count | 7 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| 09 | Power-On Hours Count | 5 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| 0C | Power Cycle Count | 5 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| C0 | Power-off Retract Count | 3 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| E1 | LBA's Written | 4768 | 200 | 200 | 0 |
| E8 | Available Reserved Space | 0 | 99 | 99 | 10 |
| E9 | Media Wearout Indicator | 0 | 99 | 99 | 0 |
| B8 | End-to-End Data Integrity Error Count | 0 | 100 | 100 | 99 |
